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Cycle Route Turku/Åbo - Nauvo/Nagu - Parainen/Pargas - Turku/Åbo

No. of cycle route 30

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0100200
Elevation profile Cycle Route Turku/Åbo - Nauvo/Nagu - Parainen/Pargas - Turku/ÅboBurg TurkuDom von Turku0100200050100150200

Added on 27 Dec 2011,

on 30 Oct 2023

Cycle route metrics

Total distance in km

202

GPS track data

Information about rights to the gps-track data

Rights owner

OpenStreetMap and Contributors + biroto-Redaktion (biroto.eu)

Rights characteristic / license

Contains information from OpenStreetMap, which is made available here under the Open Database License(ODbL)

Link to the description of the license

opendatacommons.org/licenses/odbl/

GPX file taken from

https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/288686

GPX file uploaded

by biroto-Redaktion on 30 Oct 2023

Track points in total

3.514

Track points per km (avg)

15

Start/endpoint

Start location

Turku, LS, FI (10 m NHN)

End location

Turku, LS, FI (12 m NHN)

Beds4Cyclists, worth visiting and infrastructure

Name and address

Latitude / Longitude

Phone
Fax
Mobile

Type of accommodation

Rating for cyclists

Route km
Dist. to route
Elevation

 

3 km
0,1 km
8 m

Turku castle/Turun linna
FI-20100 Turku

 

Castle/palace

Turku Castle bailey
Turku Castle bailey
Old side of the castle
Old side of the castle
Castle and harbour
Castle and harbour
From the castle courtyard
From the castle courtyard

Turku Castle (Finnish: Turun linna, Swedish: Åbo slott) is a medieval building in the city of Turku Wikipedia Icon in Finland. Together with Turku Cathedral Wikipedia Icon, the castle is one of the oldest buildings still in use in Finland. Turku Castle is the largest surviving medieval building in Finland. It was founded in the late 13th century and stands on the banks of the Aura River Wikipedia Icon.

History

A start was made on building the castle in about 1280. The Swedish conquerors of Finland intended it originally as a military fortress Wikipedia Icon. During the next two centuries its defences were strengthened and living quarters were added. The castle served as a bastion Wikipedia Icon and administrative centre in Eastland, as Finland was then known, during the Swedish period. The main part of the castle was extended considerably during the 16th century after Gustav Vasa Wikipedia Icon had ascended the Swedish throne and his son John Wikipedia Icon headed the Finnish administration following his promotion to duke. The bailey Wikipedia Icon was also supplemented and the round tower at the southeast corner of the bailey was added. Since then no part of the castle has been added or extended, only repaired.

The castle was ruled in different stages of its history by the castle sheriff, commander, regent, duke or governor-general. Its significance as a defensive fortress and administrative centre varied throughout the ages according to the political situation. Only once did the castle actually figure in the defence of the realm. This was when Russian invaders from Novgorod Wikipedia Icon destroyed Turku in 1318. On the other hand, it frequently played a role in internal struggles for power within Sweden-Finland and the Kalmar Union Wikipedia Icon. Not until the end of 16th century did it really enjoy peace. The castle lost its status as an administrative centre in the 17th century after Per Brahe Wikipedia Icon's period as governor-general of Finland came to an end.

Construction

The layout of the castle consists of the Medieval keep Wikipedia Icon (päälinna) and Renaissance bailey Wikipedia Icon (esilinna). The keep consists of a square fort with two square gateway towers whose wall thickness at the base is some 5 meters.

In the Middle Ages the castle was surrounded by a moat Wikipedia Icon conjoining with the River Aura Wikipedia Icon, the castle effectively lying on an island. The keep was completed in the early 15th century. Construction of the bailey was begun in the late 15th century and finished in the 16th. The bailey is not as heavily fortified as the keep, but it has several turrets Wikipedia Icon. The Renaissance construction work included heavy modification of nearly all the rooms in the older medieval part of the castle. Since the Renaissance no additions have been made to the castle.

The modest military fortification Wikipedia Icon grew into a massive greystone castle, whose solid walls have witnessed many milestones in Nordic history. The castle has been subject to numerous sieges Wikipedia Icon and several battles have been waged aside its walls. Of all Finnish castles, Turku castle has the most warlike history besides Vyborg castle Wikipedia Icon and Olavinlinna Wikipedia Icon.

Information about copyright

Rights characteristic / license

by-sa: CREATIVE COMMONS Attribution-ShareAlike

Link to the description of the license

creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

Input taken over from:

Turku Castle. (2013, March 25). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 17:41, April 15, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turku_Castle&oldid=546966293

taken over / edited on

15 Apr 2013

taken over / edited by

Ottocolor

Hours of opening

  • Tue–Sun 10–18
  • Mondays closed

Limited opening times 2013

  • Thur 28 March 10–15
  • Tue 30 April 10–15
  • Thur 20 June 10–15
  • Thur 5 December 10–15

The museum is closed 

  • 29 March – 1 April
  • 1 May
  • 9 May
  • 21–23 June
  • 6 December 
  • 24–25 December
  • 31 December – 1 January
 

233 km
0,1 km
12 m

Turku cathedral
FI-20500 Turku

 

Church/cathedral

Gerberas in front of the cathedral
Gerberas in front of the cathedral
Cathedral, wooden houses
Cathedral, wooden houses
Aura River and Turku Cathedral
Aura River and Turku Cathedral
Medieval mural paintings
Medieval mural paintings

Turku Cathedral (Finnish: Turun tuomiokirkko, Swedish: Åbo domkyrka) is the Mother Church Wikipedia Icon of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland Wikipedia Icon, and the country's national shrine Wikipedia Icon. It is the central church of the Archdiocese of Turku Wikipedia Icon and the seat of theArchbishop of Finland Wikipedia IconKari Mäkinen Wikipedia Icon. It is also regarded as one of the major records of Finnish architectural history.

Considered to be the most important religious building in Finland, the cathedral has borne witness to many important events in the nation's history and has become one of the city's most recognizable symbols. The cathedral is situated in the heart ofTurku Wikipedia Icon next to the Old Great Square Wikipedia Icon, by the river Aura Wikipedia Icon. Its presence extends beyond the local precinct by having the sound of its bells chiming at noon broadcast on national radio. It is also central to Finland's annual Christmas Wikipedia Icon celebrations.

The cathedral was originally built out of wood in the late 13th century, and was dedicated Wikipedia Icon as the main cathedral of Finland in 1300, the seat of the bishop of Turku Wikipedia Icon. It was considerably expanded in the 14th and 15th centuries, mainly using stone as the construction material. The cathedral was badly damaged during the Great Fire of Turku Wikipedia Icon in 1827, and was rebuilt to a great extent afterwards.

As the town of Turku began to emerge in the course of the 13th century as the most important trading centre in Finland, the Bishop's see of the Diocese of Finland was transferred from its previous location at Koroinen Wikipedia Icon, some distance further up on the bank of Aura river, to the middle of the town. By the end of the 13th century, a new stone church had been completed on the site of the former wooden-built parish church on Unikankare Mound, and it was consecrated in 1300 as the Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary Wikipedia Icon and Saint Henry Wikipedia Icon, the first Bishop of Finland.

At its earliest the cathedral was smaller than the present building. Its east front was where the pulpit stands now, and its roof was considerably lower than at the moment. Extensions were made to the cathedral throughout the Middle Ages. During the 14th century a new choir Wikipedia Icon was added, from which the octagonal Gothic pillars in the present chancel Wikipedia Icon originate. Throughout the Middle Ages, the High Altar Wikipedia Icon was located opposite the easternmost pillars of the nave Wikipedia Icon, until it was transferred to its present location in the apse Wikipedia Icon, in what had previously been the Chapel Wikipedia Icon of All Saints, in the mid-17th century.

During the 15th century, side-chapels were added along the north and south sides of the nave, containing altars dedicated to various saints. By the end of the Middle Ages these numbered 42 in total. The roof-vaults were also raised during the latter part of the 15th century to their present height of 24 meters. Thus, by the beginning of the Modern era Wikipedia Icon, the church had approximately taken on its present shape. The major later addition to the cathedral is the tower, which has been rebuilt several times, as a result of repeated fires. The worst damage was caused by the Great Fire of Turku Wikipedia Icon in 1827, when most of the town was destroyed, along with the interior of both the tower and the nave and the old tower roof. The present spire of the tower, constructed after the great fire, reaches a height of 101 meters above sea level, and is visible over a considerable distance as the symbol of both the cathedral and the city of Turku itself.

Information about copyright

Rights characteristic / license

by-sa: CREATIVE COMMONS Attribution-ShareAlike

Link to the description of the license

creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

Input taken over from:

Turku Cathedral. (2013, February 27). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 19:31, April 15, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turku_Cathedral&oldid=540951775

taken over / edited on

15 Apr 2013

taken over / edited by

Ottocolor

Hours of opening

Daily 9 a.m. - 7 p.m. 
(in the summer till 8 p.m.) 
Please observe services and events.


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